Machine Readable Travel Documents with biometric enhancement: the ICAO Standard
Mary K. McMunn, former Chief, ICAO Specifications and Guidance Material Section
This article reviews briefly the work ICAO has been doing over the past nine years to specify how to make use of biometric technology to enhance the security of travel documents and to facilitate inspection of international travelers at border control points.
The Convention on International Civil Aviation and Annex 9 (Facilitation) together provide a framework of obligations of member States and Standards and Recommended Practices pertaining to the immigration and customs inspection and clearance of persons in airports. In this context ICAO, since 1980, has been publishing specifications for standard formats for machine readable passports, visas and official travel documents. Document 9303, Machine Readable Travel Documents, is now a suite with three parts. Part 1 (Volume 1 and 2), Machine Readable Passports, was published in its sixth edition in September 2006.
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